Financial Analysts & Personal Financial Advisors
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Financial Analysts and Personal Financial Advisors
A wide range of career paths are available in finance, from personal financial advisor to investment analyst. The career education information presented here will help you learn more about career choices in finance, the job outlook, the education required, and the career opportunities.
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Financial Analysts & Personal Financial Advisors
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Financial Analysts and Personal Financial Advisors
A wide range of career paths are available in finance, from personal financial advisor to investment analyst. The career education information presented here will help you learn more about career choices in finance, the job outlook, the education required, and the career opportunities. |
Learn more in the career education information listed below:
- Job Description
- Employment
- Job Outlook
- Related Occupations
- Working Conditions
- Education, Training & Qualifications
- Salary Expectations
- Associations, Resources & Accreditation
Overview
- A college degree and good interpersonal skills are among the most important qualifications for these workers.
- Although both occupations will benefit from an increase in investing by individuals, personal financial advisors will benefit more.
- Financial analysts may face keen competition for jobs, especially at top securities firms, where pay can be lucrative.
Job Description
Financial analysts and personal financial advisors provide investment analysis and guidance to businesses and individuals to help them with their investment decisions. They gather financial information, analyze it, and make recommendations. However, their job duties differ because of the type of investment information they provide and the clients they work for. Financial analysts assess the economic performance of companies and industries for firms and institutions with money to invest. Personal financial advisors generally assess the financial needs of individuals, providing them a wide range of options.
Financial analysts, also called security analysts and investment analysts, work for banks, insurance companies, mutual and pension funds, securities firms, and other businesses helping the company or their clients make investment decisions. They read company financial statements and analyze commodity prices, sales, costs, expenses, and tax rates in order to determine a company's value and project future earnings. They often meet with company officials to get better insight into a company and determine managerial effectiveness. Usually financial analysts study an entire industry, assessing current trends in business practices, products, and industry competition. They must keep abreast of new regulations or policies that may affect the industry, as well as monitor the economy to determine its effect on earnings.
Financial analysts use spreadsheet and statistical software packages to analyze financial data, spot trends, and develop forecasts. Based on their results, they write reports and make presentations, usually making recommendations to buy or sell a particular investment or security. Senior analysts may actually make the decision to buy or sell for the company or client if they are the ones responsible for managing the assets. Other analysts use the data to measure the financial risks associated with making a particular investment decision.
Financial analysts in investment banking departments of securities or banking firms often work in teams analyzing the future prospects of companies that want to sell shares to the public for the first time. They also ensure that the forms and written materials necessary for compliance with Securities and Exchange Commission regulations are accurate and complete. They may make presentations to prospective investors about the merits of investing in the new company. Financial analysts also work in mergers and acquisitions departments, preparing analyses on the costs and benefits of a proposed merger or takeover.
Some financial analysts, called ratings analysts, evaluate the ability of companies or governments issuing bonds to repay their debt. Based on their evaluation, a management team assigns a rating to a company's or government's bonds. Other financial analysts perform budget, cost, and credit analysis as part of their responsibilities.
Personal financial advisors, also called financial planners or financial consultants, use their knowledge of investments, tax laws, insurance, and real estate to recommend financial options to individuals based on their short-term and long-term goals. Some of the issues they address are retirement planning, estate planning, tax issues, funding for college, and general investment options. While most planners offer advice on a wide range of topics, some specialize in areas such as estate planning or risk management.
An advisor's work begins with a consultation with the client, where the advisor obtains information on the client's finances and financial goals. The advisor then develops a comprehensive financial plan that identifies problem areas, makes recommendations for improvement, and selects appropriate investments based on their goals, attitude toward risk, and expectations or needs for a return on the investment. Often, this plan is written, but it can be in the form of verbal advice. Financial advisors usually meet with established clients at least once a year to update them on potential investments and determine if there have been any life changes - such as marriage, disability, or retirement - that might affect the clients' financial goals. Financial advisors also answer questions from clients regarding changes in benefit plans or consequences of a job change. Some advisors buy and sell financial products, such as mutual funds or insurance, or refer clients to other companies for products and services such as preparation of taxes or wills. A number of advisors take on the responsibility of managing the client's investments for them.
Finding clients and building a customer base is one of the most important parts of a financial advisor's job. Many advisors contact potential clients by giving seminars or lectures or meeting clients through business and social contacts.
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Working Conditions
Financial analysts and personal financial advisors usually work indoors in safe, comfortable offices or their own homes. Many of these workers enjoy the challenge of helping firms or people make financial decisions. However, financial analysts may face long hours, frequent travel to visit companies and talk to potential investors, and deadline pressure. Much of their research must be done after office hours, because their day is filled with phone calls and meetings. Personal financial advisors usually work standard business hours, but they also schedule meetings with clients in the evenings or on weekends. Many teach evening classes or put on seminars in order to bring in more clients.
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Employment
Financial analysts and personal financial advisors held 239,000 jobs in 2000; financial analysts accounted for about 6 in 10 of the total. Many financial analysts work at the headquarters of large financial companies, several of which are based in New York. One-fourth of financial analysts work for security and commodity brokers, exchanges, and investment services firms; and one-fifth work for depository and nondepository institutions, including banks, credit institutions, and mortgage bankers and brokers. The remainder primarily work for insurance carriers, computer and data processing services, and management and public relations firms.
Approximately one fourth of personal financial advisors are self-employed, operating small investment advisory firms, usually located in urban areas. The majority of salaried advisors - nearly 6 in 10 - work for security and commodity brokers, exchanges, and investment services firms. About 1 in 7 personal financial advisors work for commercial banks, saving institutions, and credit unions. A small number work for insurance carriers and insurance agents, brokers, and services.
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Education, Training & Qualifications
A college education is required for financial analysts and strongly preferred for personal financial advisors. Most companies require financial analysts to have at least a bachelor's degree in business administration, accounting, statistics, or finance. Coursework in statistics, economics, and business is required, and knowledge of accounting policies and procedures, corporate budgeting, and financial analysis methods is recommended. A master of business administration is desirable. Advanced courses in options pricing or bond valuation and knowledge of risk management are also suggested.
Employers usually do not require a specific field of study for personal financial advisors, but a bachelor's degree in accounting, finance, economics, business, mathematics, or law provides good preparation for the occupation. Courses in investments, taxes, estate planning, and risk management also are helpful. Programs in financial planning are becoming more widely available in colleges and universities. However, many financial planners enter the field after working in a related occupation, such as securities and financial services sales representative, insurance agent, accountant, or lawyer.
Mathematical, computer, analytical, and problem-solving skills are all essential qualifications for financial analysts and personal financial advisors. Good communication skills also are necessary because these workers must present complex financial concepts and strategies in easy-to-understand language to clients and other professionals. Self-confidence, maturity, and the ability to work independently are important as well.
Financial analysts must be detail-oriented, motivated to seek out obscure information, and familiar with the workings of the economy, tax laws, and money markets. For financial advisors, strong interpersonal skills and sales ability are crucial to success.
Certification, although not required for financial analysts or personal financial advisors to practice, can enhance professional standing and is strongly recommended by many financial companies. Financial analysts may receive the title Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA), sponsored by the Association of Investment Management and Research. To qualify for CFA designation, applicants must have a bachelor's degree, 3 years of work experience in a related field, and pass a series of three examinations. The essay exams, administered once a year for 3 years, cover subjects such as accounting, economics, securities analysis, asset valuation, and portfolio management.
Personal financial advisors may obtain a Certified Financial Planner (CFP) or Chartered Financial Consultant (ChFC) designation. Both designations demonstrate to potential customers that a planner has extensive training and competency in the area of financial planning. The CFP designation, issued by the CFP Board of Standards, requires relevant experience, completion of education requirements, passage of a comprehensive examination, and adherence to an enforceable code of ethics. The ChFC designation, issued by the American College in Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania, requires experience and completion of an eight-course study program. Both programs have a continuing education requirement.
A license is not required to work as a personal financial advisor, but advisors who sell stocks, bonds, mutual funds, insurance, or real estate, may need licenses to perform these additional services. Also, if legal advice is provided, a license to practice law may be required. Financial advisors that do not provide these additional services often refer clients to those qualified to provide them.
Financial analysts may advance by becoming portfolio managers or financial managers, directing the investment policies of their companies or those of clients. Personal financial advisors who work in firms also may move into managerial positions, but most advisors advance by accumulating clients and managing more assets.
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Job Outlook
Increased investment by businesses and individuals is expected to result in faster-than-average employment growth of financial analysts and personal financial advisors through 2010. Both occupations will benefit as baby boomers save for retirement and a generally better educated and wealthier population requires investment advice. In addition, people are living longer and must plan to finance more years of retirement. The rapid expansion of self-directed retirement plans, such as the 401(k) plans, is expected to continue. Most of the money in these plans is invested in mutual funds. As the number of mutual funds and the amount of assets invested in the funds increases, mutual fund companies will need increased numbers of financial analysts to recommend which financial products the funds should buy or sell. Growth in retirement plans will also increase demand for personal financial advisors to provide advice on how to invest this money.
Deregulation of the financial services industry is also expected to spur demand for financial analysts and personal financial advisors. Since 1999, banks, insurance companies, and brokerage firms have been allowed to broaden their financial services. Many firms are adding investment advice to their list of services and are expected to increase their hiring of personal financial advisors. Many banks are now entering the securities brokerage and investment banking fields and will increasingly need the skills of financial analysts in these areas.
The globalization of the securities markets as well as the increased complexity of many financial products also will increase the need for analysts and advisors to help investors make financial choices. In addition, business mergers and acquisitions seem likely to continue, requiring the services of financial analysts. However, in the field of investment banking, the demand for financial analysts may fluctuate because investment banking is sensitive to changes in the stock market. And further consolidation in the financial services industry may eliminate some financial analyst positions, somewhat dampening overall employment growth. Competition is expected to be keen for these highly lucrative positions, with many more applicants than jobs.
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Salary Expectations
Median annual earnings of financial analysts were $52,420 in 2000. The middle half earned between $40,210 and $70,840. The lowest 10 percent earned less than $31,880, and the top 10 percent earned more than $101,760. Median annual earnings in the industries employing the largest numbers of financial analysts in 2000 were:
- Security and commodity services $65,920
- Security brokers and dealers 54,650
- Management and public relations 52,690
- Computer and data processing services 51,680
- Commercial banks 46,910
Median annual earnings of personal financial advisors were $55,320 in 2000. The middle half earned between $34,420 and $96,360. The lowest 10 percent earned less than $25,110, and the top 10 percent earned more than $145,600.
Median annual earnings in the industries employing the largest number of personal financial advisors in 2000 were:
- Security brokers and dealers $66,150
- Security and commodity services 61,430
- Commercial banks 49,880
Many financial analysts receive a bonus in addition to their salary, which can add substantially to their earnings. The bonus is usually based on how well their predictions compare to the actual performance of a benchmark investment. Personal financial advisors who work for financial services firms are generally paid a salary plus bonus. Advisors who work for financial planning firms or who are self-employed either charge hourly fees for their services or charge one set fee for a comprehensive plan based on its complexity. Advisors who manage a client's assets usually charge a percentage of the assets under management. A majority of advisors receive commissions for financial products they sell in addition to a fee.
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Related Occupations
Other jobs requiring expertise in finance and investments or sales of financial products include accountants and auditors, financial managers, insurance sales agents, real estate agents, and securities, commodities and financial services sales representatives.
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Associations, Resources & Accreditation
For information on careers in business economics, contact:
- The Financial Planning Association
For information about the Certified Financial Planner certification, contact:
- The Financial Planning Association
For information about the Certified Financial Planner certification, contact:
- The Certified Financial Planner Board of Standards
For information on about the Chartered Financial Analyst designation, contact:
For information on about the Chartered Financial Analyst designation, contact:
- Association of Investment Management and Research
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Source:
Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2002-03 Edition, Accountants and Auditors, on the Internet at http://www.bls.gov/oco/ocos001.htm
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Virginia College
Earn your associate's, bachelor's or master's degree from Virginia College. Our extensive programs are offered 100% online, so you can launch the career of your choice from the comfort of your own home.
Learn more about programs at Virginia College
Healthcare Reimbursement focuses on the fundamentals of medical office protocol with specialized training in the areas you will need for a job in this growing field. As a Virginia College student, you?ll be prepared for entry-level positions in the medical field related to reimbursement procedures. You?ll learn the fundamentals of medical office protocol and get specialized training in Current Procedural Terminology (CPT), International Classification of Diseases (ICD), and Health Care Financing Administration Common Procedural Coding System (HCPCS). You will also serve an externship for on-the-job training. You?ll be supervised by a physician, nurse, or health services professional and learn the billing and coding process from the working perspective.
What do Medical Office Administration graduates do?
Medical Office Administrators perform administrative duties in a medical office or clinic, reporting directly to an office manager, physician, or other health practitioner. You will help with communicating with patients and other providers, billing insurance companies, code physician diagnostic comments and orders, and more. This program is designed to teach you how to work closely with doctors to organize and monitor patient care services. In short, you will be a vital part of the health care team in a physician's office, a clinic, a hospital, a long–term care facility, or other medical office.
What classes will I take?
At Virginia College, you will only take courses that pertain to your success in the workforce. Do not worry if you are not already skilled in the areas below. That is why you are coming to school! We are experienced in giving students the training they need to become successful in their chosen careers.
You will have classes in:
Medical terminology
Medical law and ethics
Medical laboratory procedures
Medical records systems
Accounting
Business
Office automation
Customer service
In addition to training from instructors with real–world experience, you will also complete an externship in a physician's office, clinic or related health care facility under the supervision of a physician, nurse, or health services professional.
This online Bachelor of Science degree in Golf Course Management is designed to provide students with a diversified education in managing and operating a golf course, or other golf-related facilities. The program is designed for those who have completed the fundamentals in an associate degree program* and would like to add the skills and knowledge needed to give them a solid background in business and management. Students will gain critical thinking skills, management training, and leadership development. This comprehensive program provides graduates with the fundamental skills necessary to adapt to the golf management path they choose to follow.
Upon successful completion of this program, students should be able to
_ evaluate the golf management industry and career opportunities in the field;
_ establish and maintain high standards of personal and industry ethics at the pro shop;
_ conform to professional standards in personal appearance;
_ define concepts and procedures for purchasing, receiving, storage, and inventory of golf equipment and
supplies;
_ apply management principles to the food service industry and demonstrate leadership skills;
_ perform front of the house service functions and set and maintain service standards for various customers; and
_ describe the origin of various industry standards and their relationship to the history and cultural development of golf.
*Note: This program is offered in the online format but to qualify for admission, candidates must have completed an associate of applied business degree in golf complex operations and management comparable to the one offered by Golf Academy of America. Prospective students should speak with an Admissions Associate to determine acceptability of earned credits or degrees..
The online BS in Health Services Management program is designed for current and aspiring healthcare professionals. With this degree, you may qualify for jobs in hospitals, physicians' offices, ambulatory care centers, home health agencies, and more.
Virginia College is a senior college accredited by the Accrediting Council for Independent Colleges and Schools to award certificates, diplomas, associate's, bachelor's, and master's degrees. The Accrediting Council for Independent Colleges and Schools is listed as a nationally recognized accrediting agency by the United States Department of Education and is recognized by the Council for Higher Education Accreditation.
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Bryant & Stratton College - Online
Develop the skills you need to reach your goals at Bryant & Stratton College. We offer career-focused degrees in a number of today's fastest-growing fields. Study online or in small classes, and get a quality education that fits into your busy life.
Learn more about programs at Bryant & Stratton College - Online
The Bachelor of Science in Health Services Administration program is designed to prepare graduates for entry-level and assistant management positions in medical settings such as hospitals, clinics, nursing care facilities, doctors? offices, and insurance companies. Health services administrators are often responsible for creating and implementing policy and procedures, hiring and supervising staff, controlling finances, ordering supplies, and coordinating plans and activities with those of other health care managers.
The central focus of the program is to provide a comprehensive base in health-related knowledge and concepts and as well as the management of health services and facilities, with emphases on finance, legal aspects in healthcare, disaster planning and management, and information systems. The Bachelor of Science in Health Services Administration program prepares students to excel in decision-making skills, critical thinking, and small group communications.
Research opportunities and field experiences offer students insight into real-world applications of the information and skills they learn in class and help students prepare to successfully transition into a health care administration or management career.
The Medical Administrative Assistant program offers specialized training in modern medical office procedures. Graduates of the program are prepared for entry-level employment in private medical practices, outpatient departments, clinics, or government institutions. The program offers a foundation in keyboarding, document processing, and integrated office systems software programs with specialized training in medical billing, billing and coding, medical transcription, medical records, and modern medical office procedures. Graduates of this program will be able to apply coding, billing, records management, transcription and scheduling skills to administrative health care industry standards. Students study and practice the skills that will help them gain national billing certification from the American Billing Association (AMBA). Students can prepare for the national test through the Certified Medical Reimbursement Specialist (CMRS) boot camp that is offered along with this degree. Some typical jobs in the medical administrative assistant field include (national salary averages from salary.com): Medical Staff Coordinator ($38,193 - $50,389), Medical Transcription Supervisor ($43,656 - $55,317), Medical Records Administrator ($46,580 - $69,398).
The Medical Reimbursement and Coding (MRC) Program prepares students to sit for the national coding exams, or begin working in the coding and billing field. This unique program is formatted to specifically address, through core courses, a means to facilitate uniformity of terms, the structure and organization of the body systems, common disease processes, and common pharmacological treatments. The core courses provide students with a foundation on which they will complete the coding portion of this comprehensive program. After completing the mandatory core courses, students will have a choice of studying for Physician coding or Hospital/inpatient coding. While some coding professionals choose one type of coding based on their own interest and style, many coders are cross-credentialed and able to work in both arenas. The MRC Program prepares students with the information needed to choose one or both coding paths. Students will study and practice the skills that will help them gain national coding certification from either The American Health Information Management Association (AHIMA) or the American Academy of Professional Coders (AAPC). The comprehensive nature of the MRC Program fulfills all hourly criteria for both AHIMA and AAPC national certifying bodies. Students who successfully complete the MRC Program will be equipped to participate in the field of medical coding and reimbursement.
Bryant and Stratton College is accredited by the Commission on Higher Education of the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools. This is a regional accrediting agency recognized by the U.S. Secretary of Education and the Commission on Recognition of Postsecondary Accreditation.
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Western Governor's University
At Western Governors University, your competence - the knowledge and skills you possess - is the ultimate focus of every degree program.
Learn more about programs at Western Governor's University
Become a unique asset in the world of health informatics and health information management. WGU?s B.S. in Health Informatics program combines concepts from healthcare, IT, and leadership practice to provide you with the knowledge and skills to become a valuable designer, developer, and manager of health information systems. This program is for experienced healthcare or IT professionals seeking an affordable bachelor?s degree and two IT certifications to work in this high-demand field.
This flexible, accredited program incorporates two IT certifications at an affordable cost: CompTIA A+ IT Technician and CIW Database Design Specialist (all certification fees are included in your tuition). This program has been designed to align with the American Health Information Management Association?s (AHIMA) curriculum competencies. You may be eligible to apply to sit for the AHIMA Registered Health Information Administrator (RHIA) credentialing exam upon completion of this program.
WGU is the recipient of the USDLA 21st Century Award for Best Practices in Distance Learning for 2008, awarded in recognition of our success in expanding access to higher education. WGU was also recognized by TIME Magazine as the ?best relatively cheap university you?ve never heard of? in the 11/13/08 issue of the periodical.
Enhance your personal status, boost your salary, and increase your job security with WGU?s B.S. in Nursing. This program is for actively working registered nurses (RNs) who hold an associate?s degree or diploma in nursing, possess healthcare industry experience, and can devote 15 to 20 hours per week to their studies.Based on National League of Nursing (NLN) competency standards, the B.S. in Nursing prepares you to become a higher level nurse in hospitals and other healthcare facilities. The program incorporates skills and knowledge beyond the clinical aspects of nursing, integrating patient education, health promotion, nursing roles and values, and technology, as well as healthcare systems and policies into the curriculum. This is a perfect program for RNs with associate?s degrees who want to advance their status and careers. WGU nursing programs are CCNE accredited.
This program is for actively working registered nurses (RNs) who hold a nursing bachelor?s degree (BSN), already possess healthcare industry experience, and can devote 15 to 20 hours per week to their studies.
The M.S. in Nursing?Education Specialization prepares you to become a nurse educator in schools, hospitals, and other healthcare facilities. The program equips you with high-level knowledge and skills while incorporating best practices in policy, organization, and financing; role development; research; advanced nursing practice; and nurse education. This is a perfect program for RNs with BSNs who want to become nurse educators. WGU programs are CCNE accredited.
This program is for actively working registered nurses (RNs) who hold a nursing bachelor?s degree (BSN), already possess healthcare industry experience, and can devote 15 to 20 hours per week to their studies.
The M.S. in Nursing?Leadership and Management Specialization prepares you to become a staff developer or health administrator in schools, hospitals, and other healthcare facilities. The program equips you with high-level knowledge and skills while incorporating best practices in policy, organization, and financing; role development; research; advanced nursing practice; and nurse leadership and management. This is a perfect program for RNs with BSNs who want to become nurse leaders or managers. WGU programs are CCNE accredited.
WGU?s M.S. in Nursing?Education (RN to MSN Option) is for registered nurses (RNs) who hold an associate?s degree, already possess nursing experience, and can devote 20 or more hours to their studies.
This direct RN to MSN option prepares you with bachelor?s- and graduate-level coursework to earn your master?s degree. The program equips you with the skills and knowledge needed to become an effective nurse educator in a variety of healthcare settings. You?ll develop best practices in nurse education, advanced nursing practice, healthcare policy, and the nursing sciences. This is a perfect program for RNs with associate?s degrees who want to become nurse educators.
WGU nursing programs are accredited by the Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education (CCNE).
WGU?s M.S. in Nursing?Leadership and Management (RN to MSN Option) is for registered nurses (RNs) who hold an associate?s degree, already possess nursing experience, and can devote 20 or more hours to their studies.
This direct RN to MSN option prepares you with bachelor?s- and graduate-level coursework to earn your master?s degree. The program equips you with the skills and knowledge needed to move into nursing management or administration. You?ll develop best practices in leadership and management, advanced nursing practice, healthcare policy, and the nursing sciences. This is a perfect program for RNs with associate?s degrees who want to become nurse leaders or managers.
WGU nursing programs are accredited by the Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education (CCNE).
This program is ideal for the self-motivated learner who already possesses healthcare industry experience, seeks in-depth knowledge in management and strategy, and can devote 15 to 20 hours per week to their studies.
The MBA ? Healthcare Management prepares you for mid-level to upper-level healthcare management positions. The program educates you in core business skills, essential industry knowledge, and advanced healthcare managerial expertise. A perfect program for the experienced healthcare administration professional who seeks a credible degree program and upward mobility.
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Strayer University
Get the right foundation for your future with a degree from Strayer University. Evening, weekend and online classes are all available to meet the needs of busy adults.
Learn more about programs at Strayer University
The Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA) prepares graduates for a wide range of managerial positions in business, government, and non-profit organizations. Business administration students acquire fundamental as well as practical and professional skills in all phases of business, including decision-making and problem-solving.
The BBA program offers area concentrations that enable students to tailor their degrees to their career and educational goals. Specializations are available in: Acquisition and Contract Management, Banking, E-Business, Finance, Hospitality and Tourism Management, Human Resource Management, Legal Studies, Management, Marketing, and Retail Management.
*Programs may vary by state and by campus.
Responds to the needs of current students and employers who are interested in a degree program that prepares students for middle to executive-level managerial positions in the health services industry. The Master of Health Services Administration program is designed to meet the needs of health care professionals and others who wish to obtain the knowledge and skills needed to assume mid-level and executive-level managerial positions in health services organizations. The program will allow these individuals to pursue graduate study without interrupting their careers, thereby avoiding significant opportunity cost.
RThe MBA program offers a broad-based education, with a choice of concentrations. The program features a curriculum that prepares adult students for the emerging knowledge economy while emphasizing the latest concepts, practices, and skills in today?s rapidly changing marketplace. It is designed for working professionals from a wide range of backgrounds who wish to advance or enhance their business careers.
This program offers specializations in the following areas: Accounting, Acquisition, Finance, Health Services Administration, Hospitality and Tourism Management, Human Resource Management, Information Systems Management, International Business, Management, Marketing, Professional Studies, Project Management, and Public Administration.
*Programs may vary by state and by campus
Strayer University is accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education.
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